Computer Networks And Internet Protocol - Week 3 | Assignment 3 : Answer with Explanation
Computer networks and internet protocols are essential components of today's technology-driven world. They allow devices to connect and communicate with one another, enabling the sharing of information and resources. Multiple choice questions (MCQs) on this topic test a student's understanding of the various concepts and protocols involved in computer networks and internet communication. These include topics such as Transport Layer Services, Connection, Connection, Reliability, Sliding Window ProtocolsContent:
Flow control is mainly implemented in
a. Physical Layer b. Application Layer c. Transport Layer d. Session LayerAnswer
c. Transport Layer
The transport layer serves the application layer and receives services from the network layer.
Segments are the units of data in the transport layer.
It is in charge of delivering the entire message from beginning to end.
The transport layer also acknowledges successful data transmission and re-transmits data if an error is detected.
To ensure proper data transmission, the transport layer receives formatted data from the upper layers, performs segmentation, and implements flow and error control. It also includes Source and Destination port numbers in its header and sends segmented data to the Network Layer.
In sliding window protocol, if the sender window size is made 10. Then, how many frames would be in the window after transmitting 10 frames?
a. 0b. 1
c. 2
d. Not defined.
Answer
a. 0
In the sliding window protocol, the sender window size is a range of sequence numbers that the sender is allowed to transmit, without receiving an acknowledgment from the receiver.
If the sender window size is set to 10, then the sender can transmit up to 10 frames without receiving an acknowledgment.
After transmitting 10 frames, the number of frames in the window would be 0. The window must be shifted (moved) after each transmission, to allow for new frames to be added to the window and transmitted.
Which are true for Go Back N ARQ (Window size > N)
a. All segments from 0 to N are retransmitted if segment N is lostb. All segments from 1 to (N-1) are retransmitted if Segment N is lost
c. All segments from 1 to (N) are retransmitted if Segment N is lost
d. All segments from 0 to (N-1) are retransmitted if Segment N is lost.
Answer
a. All segments from 0 to N are retransmitted if segment N is lost
Go Back N ARQ: If segment N is lost, all the segments from segment 0 (start of
the sliding window) to segment N are retransmitted
What is the maximum data rate on any connection per clock tick (inter-packet transmission duration)?
a. one segmentb. two segment
c. three segment
d. four segment
Answer
a. one segment
The maximum data rate on any connection is one segment per clock tick
Clock ticks (inter-packet transmission duration) is adjusted based on
the sequences acknowledged – ensure that no two packets are
there in the network with same sequence number
This mechanism is known as self-clocking (used in TCP)
Ensures that the sequence numbers do not warp around too quickly
Timestamping a network packet is necessary for (i) Enabling time synchronization across router in network layer (ii) For defining packet lifetime.
a. Only (i)b. Only (ii)
c. Both (i) and (ii)
d. None of above
Answer
c. Both (i) and (ii)
Timestamping define the lifetime of a packet in the
network, need time synchronization across each router.
If selective repeat has MAX_SEQ=15, what is the window size?
a. 4b. 6
c. 8
d. 12
Answer
c. 8
The window size in Selective Repeat protocol can be calculated as (MAX_SEQ + 1) / 2. So, if MAX_SEQ = 15, then the window size would be (15 + 1) / 2 = 8, which is option "c"
Transport layer is implemented in the Firmware of a computer system.
a. Trueb. False
Answer
b. False
Transport layer is implemented in the kernel of a computer system.
What is known as outstanding frames?
a. Frames that are yet to be transmittedb. Frames that have been transmitted, but not yet acknowledged
c. Acknowledged frames
d. None of the above
Answer
b. Frames that have been transmitted, but not yet acknowledged
The delayed duplicate problem is there in TCP 2 way handshake technique
a. Trueb. False
Answer
a. True
The two-way handshake presents potential problems when the ACK message from the server delays too much.
- A three-way handshake process solves the problem of two-way handshaking.
What is the window size of the Go back N ARQ with 4 bit sequence numbers?
a.3b.7
c.15
d.31
Answer
c.15
For sequence bits = n,
Number of sequence numbers = 2^n and window size = 2^n - 1
Consider n = 4, sequence numbers will be 2^4 = 16 ( i.e. from 0 - 15 )
And maximum window size = 2^4 - 1 = 15 i.e window will carry frames from 0 to 15 which are 16 in number.
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